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Fstat

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'''fstat''' is a command similar to the [[lsof]] command Linux users are familiar with.  Simply put, it returns a list of all open files and what user context they've been opened in.  Handy arguments:
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{{System-Commands}}
  
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'''fstat -f /usr/local/etc''' - only return locked files from the filesystem containing '''/usr/local/etc/''' ('''/usr''', on most systems)
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The '''fstat''' command is used to determine the status of file system objects (directories and files) in use by users and processes. It is similar in purpose to the [[GNU Project]]'s [[lsof]] command.
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'''fstat -p qmail-send''' - only return files locked by the '''qmail-send''' process
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  '''fstat -u jimbo''' - only return files locked by the user '''jimbo'''
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'''fstat /usr/local/sbin/smbd''' - only return info on processes and users locking the file '''/usr/local/sbin/smbd'''.
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see also: [[iostat]], [[netstat]]
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The output from 'fstat' is very detailed and includes the user name, command or running process (often called a [[daemon]] or background service) and its associated pid number.  It also shows the finer details of the file system including the I-Node, access permissions and size of the object.
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== Examples ==
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The following sections demonstrate the command with example output.
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=== File Name ===
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To determine the file status for a particular file the option '''''filename''''' (with no '-''option''') is used.  For example '/var/log/maillog':
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%fstat /var/log/maillog
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USER    CMD          PID  FD MOUNT      INUM MODE        SZ|DV R/W NAME
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root    syslogd      501  14 /var    471071 -rw-r-----  31781  w /var/log/maillog
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'''Note:''' this differs from the File System command below.
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=== File System ===
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To determine the file status for a particular file system the option '''-f ''directory or filename''''' is used.  For example '/var/log/maillog':
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'''%fstat -f /var/log/maillog'''
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USER    CMD          PID  FD MOUNT      INUM MODE        SZ|DV R/W
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root    cron        3158  wd /var      23552 drwxr-x---    512  r
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www      httpd      9107    2 /var    471057 -rw-r--r--  812160  w
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www      httpd      9107    6 /var    471057 -rw-r--r--  812160  w
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www      httpd      9107    7 /var    471058 -rw-r--r--  468741  w
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www      httpd      9107  10 /var    541700 -rw-------      0  w
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www      httpd      9107  11 /var    541700 -rw-------      0  w
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root    cron        684  wd /var      23552 drwxr-x---    512  r
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root    cron        684    3 /var    541727 -rw-------      3  w
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smmsp    sendmail    677  wd /var    1036294 drwxrwx---    512  r
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smmsp    sendmail    677    4 /var    1036296 -rw-------      49  w
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root    sendmail    671  wd /var    1036291 drwxr-xr-x    512  r
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root    sendmail    671    5 /var    541720 -rw-------      78  w
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mysql    mysqld      649  wd /var      70809 drwx------    512  r
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mysql    mysqld      649    1 /var      71171 -rw-rw----    1736  w
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mysql    mysqld      649    2 /var      71171 -rw-rw----    1736  w
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root    syslogd      501    3 /var    541715 -rw-------      3  w
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root    syslogd      501  11 /var    471068 -rw-r--r--    194  w
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root    syslogd      501  12 /var    471052 -rw-------      59  w
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root    syslogd      501  13 /var    471045 -rw-------    5444  w
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'''Note:''' this does not determine the file status of the specified directory or filename but the file status on the file system that particular item resides upon.  In the case of this example ''/var'' was the underlying file system.  To determine the actual user or process using a specific file use the 'File Name' method above.
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=== Process ===
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To determine the file status for a particular process the option '''-p ''pid-number''''' is used.  For example assuming [[sendmail]] is assigned a [[pid]] of 677 (determined from the [[ps]] commend):
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'''%fstat -p 677'''
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USER    CMD          PID  FD MOUNT      INUM MODE        SZ|DV R/W
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smmsp    sendmail    677 root /            2 drwxr-xr-x    512  r
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smmsp    sendmail    677  wd /var    1036294 drwxrwx---    512  r
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smmsp    sendmail    677 text /usr    3014716 -r-xr-sr-x  583680  r
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smmsp    sendmail    677    0 /dev          6 crw-rw-rw-    null  r
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smmsp    sendmail    677    1 /dev          6 crw-rw-rw-    null  w
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smmsp    sendmail    677    2 /dev          6 crw-rw-rw-    null  w
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smmsp    sendmail    677    3* local dgram c23b49d8 <-> c23b4dac
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smmsp    sendmail    677    4 /var    1036296 -rw-------      49  w
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=== User ===
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To determine the file status for a particular user the option '''-u ''username''''' is used.  For example when used against user account 'joeuser':
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%'''fstat -u joeuser'''
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USER    CMD          PID  FD MOUNT      INUM MODE        SZ|DV R/W
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joeuser fstat      96741 root /            2 drwxr-xr-x    512  r
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joeuser fstat      96741  wd /usr    2378753 drwxr-xr-x    512  r
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joeuser fstat      96741 text /usr    2308260 -r-xr-sr-x  14340  r
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joeuser fstat      96741    0 /dev        93 crw--w----  ttyp0  rw
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joeuser fstat      96741    1 /dev        93 crw--w----  ttyp0  rw
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joeuser fstat      96741    2 /dev        93 crw--w----  ttyp0  rw
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joeuser fstat      96741    3 /dev        26 crw-r-----    mem  r
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joeuser fstat      96741    4 /dev        27 crw-r-----    kmem  r
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joeuser fstat      96741    5 /        25179 -rw-r--r--  40960  r
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joeuser csh          760 root /            2 drwxr-xr-x    512  r
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joeuser csh          760  wd /usr    2378753 drwxr-xr-x    512  r
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joeuser csh          760 text /        16628 -r-xr-xr-x  293060  r
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joeuser csh          760  15 /dev        93 crw--w----  ttyp0  rw
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joeuser csh          760  16 /dev        93 crw--w----  ttyp0  rw
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joeuser csh          760  17 /dev        93 crw--w----  ttyp0  rw
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joeuser csh          760  18 /dev        93 crw--w----  ttyp0  rw
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joeuser csh          760  19 /dev        93 crw--w----  ttyp0  rw
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joeuser sshd        759 root /            2 drwxr-xr-x    512  r
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joeuser sshd        759  wd /            2 drwxr-xr-x    512  r
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joeuser sshd        759 text /usr    1318917 -r-xr-xr-x  180452  r
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joeuser sshd        759    0 /dev          6 crw-rw-rw-    null  rw
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joeuser sshd        759    1 /dev          6 crw-rw-rw-    null  rw
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joeuser sshd        759    2 /dev          6 crw-rw-rw-    null  rw
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joeuser sshd        759    3* internet stream tcp c23cf1d0
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joeuser sshd        759    4* local stream c23b47a8 <-> c23b4c94
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joeuser sshd        759    5* pipe c2335660 <-> c2335718      0  rw
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joeuser sshd        759    6* pipe c2335718 <-> c2335660      0  rw
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joeuser sshd        759    7 /dev        92 crw-rw-rw-  ptyp0  rw
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joeuser sshd        759    8 /dev        92 crw-rw-rw-  ptyp0  rw
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joeuser sshd        759    9 /dev        92 crw-rw-rw-  ptyp0  rw
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=== See also ===
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See also: [[iostat]], [[netstat]]
  
 
[[Category:System Commands]]
 
[[Category:System Commands]]

Latest revision as of 11:09, 4 January 2008

The Mediawiki system (the 'software' that runs this site) capitalises all articles. Please note that commands on most UNIX and Unix-like systems are entered in lower case. As an example the article documenting the Ln command would be issued from the command line as 'ln'.

The fstat command is used to determine the status of file system objects (directories and files) in use by users and processes. It is similar in purpose to the GNU Project's lsof command.

The output from 'fstat' is very detailed and includes the user name, command or running process (often called a daemon or background service) and its associated pid number. It also shows the finer details of the file system including the I-Node, access permissions and size of the object.

Contents

[edit] Examples

The following sections demonstrate the command with example output.

[edit] File Name

To determine the file status for a particular file the option filename (with no '-option') is used. For example '/var/log/maillog': 

%fstat /var/log/maillog
USER     CMD          PID   FD MOUNT      INUM MODE         SZ|DV R/W NAME
root     syslogd      501   14 /var     471071 -rw-r-----   31781   w /var/log/maillog

Note: this differs from the File System command below.

[edit] File System

To determine the file status for a particular file system the option -f directory or filename is used. For example '/var/log/maillog': 

%fstat -f /var/log/maillog
USER     CMD          PID   FD MOUNT      INUM MODE         SZ|DV R/W
root     cron        3158   wd /var      23552 drwxr-x---     512   r
www      httpd       9107    2 /var     471057 -rw-r--r--  812160   w
www      httpd       9107    6 /var     471057 -rw-r--r--  812160   w
www      httpd       9107    7 /var     471058 -rw-r--r--  468741   w
www      httpd       9107   10 /var     541700 -rw-------       0   w
www      httpd       9107   11 /var     541700 -rw-------       0   w
root     cron         684   wd /var      23552 drwxr-x---     512   r
root     cron         684    3 /var     541727 -rw-------       3   w
smmsp    sendmail     677   wd /var    1036294 drwxrwx---     512   r
smmsp    sendmail     677    4 /var    1036296 -rw-------      49   w
root     sendmail     671   wd /var    1036291 drwxr-xr-x     512   r
root     sendmail     671    5 /var     541720 -rw-------      78   w
mysql    mysqld       649   wd /var      70809 drwx------     512   r
mysql    mysqld       649    1 /var      71171 -rw-rw----    1736   w
mysql    mysqld       649    2 /var      71171 -rw-rw----    1736   w
root     syslogd      501    3 /var     541715 -rw-------       3   w
root     syslogd      501   11 /var     471068 -rw-r--r--     194   w
root     syslogd      501   12 /var     471052 -rw-------      59   w
root     syslogd      501   13 /var     471045 -rw-------    5444   w

Note: this does not determine the file status of the specified directory or filename but the file status on the file system that particular item resides upon. In the case of this example /var was the underlying file system. To determine the actual user or process using a specific file use the 'File Name' method above.

[edit] Process

To determine the file status for a particular process the option -p pid-number is used. For example assuming sendmail is assigned a pid of 677 (determined from the ps commend): 

%fstat -p 677
USER     CMD          PID   FD MOUNT      INUM MODE         SZ|DV R/W
smmsp    sendmail     677 root /             2 drwxr-xr-x     512   r
smmsp    sendmail     677   wd /var    1036294 drwxrwx---     512   r
smmsp    sendmail     677 text /usr    3014716 -r-xr-sr-x  583680   r
smmsp    sendmail     677    0 /dev          6 crw-rw-rw-    null   r
smmsp    sendmail     677    1 /dev          6 crw-rw-rw-    null   w
smmsp    sendmail     677    2 /dev          6 crw-rw-rw-    null   w
smmsp    sendmail     677    3* local dgram c23b49d8 <-> c23b4dac
smmsp    sendmail     677    4 /var     1036296 -rw-------      49  w

[edit] User

To determine the file status for a particular user the option -u username is used. For example when used against user account 'joeuser': 

%fstat -u joeuser
USER    CMD          PID   FD MOUNT      INUM MODE         SZ|DV R/W
joeuser fstat      96741 root /             2 drwxr-xr-x     512   r
joeuser fstat      96741   wd /usr    2378753 drwxr-xr-x     512   r
joeuser fstat      96741 text /usr    2308260 -r-xr-sr-x   14340   r
joeuser fstat      96741    0 /dev         93 crw--w----   ttyp0  rw
joeuser fstat      96741    1 /dev         93 crw--w----   ttyp0  rw
joeuser fstat      96741    2 /dev         93 crw--w----   ttyp0  rw
joeuser fstat      96741    3 /dev         26 crw-r-----     mem   r
joeuser fstat      96741    4 /dev         27 crw-r-----    kmem   r
joeuser fstat      96741    5 /         25179 -rw-r--r--   40960   r
joeuser csh          760 root /             2 drwxr-xr-x     512   r
joeuser csh          760   wd /usr    2378753 drwxr-xr-x     512   r
joeuser csh          760 text /         16628 -r-xr-xr-x  293060   r
joeuser csh          760   15 /dev         93 crw--w----   ttyp0  rw
joeuser csh          760   16 /dev         93 crw--w----   ttyp0  rw
joeuser csh          760   17 /dev         93 crw--w----   ttyp0  rw
joeuser csh          760   18 /dev         93 crw--w----   ttyp0  rw
joeuser csh          760   19 /dev         93 crw--w----   ttyp0  rw
joeuser sshd         759 root /             2 drwxr-xr-x     512   r
joeuser sshd         759   wd /             2 drwxr-xr-x     512   r
joeuser sshd         759 text /usr    1318917 -r-xr-xr-x  180452   r
joeuser sshd         759    0 /dev          6 crw-rw-rw-    null  rw
joeuser sshd         759    1 /dev          6 crw-rw-rw-    null  rw
joeuser sshd         759    2 /dev          6 crw-rw-rw-    null  rw
joeuser sshd         759    3* internet stream tcp c23cf1d0
joeuser sshd         759    4* local stream c23b47a8 <-> c23b4c94
joeuser sshd         759    5* pipe c2335660 <-> c2335718      0  rw
joeuser sshd         759    6* pipe c2335718 <-> c2335660      0  rw
joeuser sshd         759    7 /dev         92 crw-rw-rw-   ptyp0  rw
joeuser sshd         759    8 /dev         92 crw-rw-rw-   ptyp0  rw
joeuser sshd         759    9 /dev         92 crw-rw-rw-   ptyp0  rw

[edit] See also

See also: iostat, netstat

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