FreeBSDwiki - User contributions [en]

KDE, installing

2008-09-06T10:09:08Z

Jcp:

Congratulations! You have installed Xorg and are now ready to get KDE running.

First, su to root.
$ su -
password:
#

After you have root privileges, you must install KDE. As of the time of writing this article KDE 3.4 is the most current.

You have two options for installing KDE: build from ports or use the BSD packages.

To build KDE from source, use the ports tree:

# cd /usr/ports/x11/kde3 && make install clean

[update - 2008/09/06: KDE 4.1.1 is available in ports]

# cd /usr/ports/x11/kde4 && make install clean

OR to install pre-built package:

# pkg_add -r kde

Notice: If you look at the command above, it's 'kde' and NOT 'kde3'. BSD has been nice enough to keep with the times. If you are adding a package as a general rule, you leave off the version number and you'll get the most stable version.

After KDE is installed you must tell the X server to invoke KDE at the start of the X server and NOT to use the default WM. This is done though editing the .xinitrc file.

# % echo "exec startkde" > ~/.xinitrc

Note: Sometimes if you are already using a window manager (i.e. XDM) you might have to edit the .xsession instead of the xinitrc

If all has gone well, you SHOULD be able to:

# startx

and have X start up and then invoke KDE.

Note: A lot of this article has originated from http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/x11-wm.html

[[Category:FreeBSD for Workstations]]
[[Category:Ports and Packages]]

Sound card

2008-09-06T09:51:51Z

Jcp:

== Sound Card ==

In order to get sound out of your FreeBSD box, you'll need to either load your sound driver module or compile sound support in your kernel -- it's not installed by default.

=== Loading the Kernel Driver Module ===

==== FreeBSD 4+ Sound ====

For this you need to use [[kldload]] to load your sound driver. If you don't know which sound card you have -- and therefore don't know which driver to use -- you can load the generic [[snd_driver]] module (in 5.x systems -- in 4.x you need to load the [[snd]] module), which works for most cards, like so:

samizdata# kldload snd_driver

If that works, you'll probably want it to load automatically at boot time. To do so, you'll want to append a line about snd_driver to your loader.conf:

samizdata# echo snd_driver_load="YES" >> /boot/loader.conf

And presto, when booting, your system will always try to load snd_driver.

If you don't know your sound card type the following:
# man sound
Now look at the SEE ALSO section and start loading each of these until your sound works.

For instance for an ASUS A8V board it's a running a VIA sound card so I would run:
# kldload snd_via8233

If this works I put this line into my /boot/loader.conf
snd_via8233_load="YES"

That way it's loaded at boot time without having to recompile the kernel.

==== FreeBSD5.4 and above Sound ====

Since 27/07/04 the sound system has changed a lot and now to install sound under FreeBSD you have to do the following:
freebsd# kldload sound

Then find out your sound card. I'm using an ASUS A7N8X motherboard with Nvidia onboard sound so I typed
freebsd# kldload snd_ich

To find out what driver will work with your sound board/chip have a look at the NOTES file in
/usr/src/sys/conf/NOTES - search for 'snd' and you will find descriptions of all the different sound drivers. (The impatient may want to try running [[Sound_card:_checking_drivers|this shell script]] instead, which will automatically check each sound driver installed on the system to see if it works, and let you know what it found out.)

Then when I had tested this and it worked I entered the following into my kernel:

# Base sound driver - required for all cards
device sound

# Device-specific driver - may be different on other systems besides mine!
device snd_ich

and recompiled. However, recompiling the kernel is absolutely NOT necessary for sound support, as you can just dynamically load the modules for sound support at boot time, by adding lines to /boot/loader.conf:

sound_load="YES"
snd_ich_load="YES"

Of course remember to replace snd_ich_load with whatever your individual device is.

==== FreeBSD 7+ Sound ====

At this point in FreeBSD's development, it's even a little simpler to determine which snd_ module to load in some cases.

> kldload snd_driver
> cat /dev/sndstat
FreeBSD Audio Driver (newpcm: 32bit 2007061600/i386)
Installed devices:
pcm0: <Intel ICH6 (82801FB)> at io 0x90040800, 0x90040400 irq 22 bufsz 16384 kld snd_ich [MPSAFE] (1p:1v/1r:1v channels duplex default)

In this case it's really obvious from the "kld snd_ich" that the module for this card is snd_ich. Sometimes it won't be so obvious, but the name shown for the card should also be a big hint. So I add to my /boot/loader.conf:

snd_ich_load="YES"

That's it for the sound driver configuration on a 7.x system.

=== External Links ===
[http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/sound-setup.html FreeBSD Handbook]

[[Category:FreeBSD for Workstations]]

WPA Supplicant

2008-09-06T08:12:04Z

Jcp:

== WPA_Supplicant ==

=== Introduction ===

Most laptops and many desktops use wireless network interfaces as their primary means of staying connected to the internet. The [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant wpa_supplicant(8)] tool which is distributed as a part of FreeBSD's base helps handle all these networks with ease, so that you won't have to lift a finger to connect to whichever one of your wireless networks is available. It even gets put to use during the bootup process at the same time other network devices are being brought up, so that the networks are available for use as the startup scripts for various services are being launched.

* Supports Plaintext Networks
* Supports Static WEP Encrypted Networks
* Supports Pre-Shared Key WPA Encrypted Networks
* Supports EAP-Authenticated WPA Encrypted Networks
* Supports EAP-Authenticated IEEE8021X (optionally Dynamic WEP Encrypted) Networks

=== Documentation ===

==== Man Pages ====

* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant wpa_supplicant(8)]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant.conf wpa_supplicant.conf(5)]

==== Other ====

* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wpa_supplicant Wpa_supplicant on Wikipedia]

=== Examples ===

==== Example 1 - Static WEP ====

I have an iwi0 interface which connects to multiple WEP-encrypted networks. Here's how to set it up so that it automatically picks up whichever network is in range.

===== /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf =====

network={
    ssid="homenet"
    key_mgmt=NONE
    wep_tx_keyidx=0
    wep_key0=fedcba98765432109876543210
    }
network={
    ssid="worknet"
    key_mgmt=NONE
    wep_tx_keyidx=0
    wep_key0=98765432109876543210abcdef
    }

===== /etc/rc.conf =====

ifconfig_iwi0="WPA DHCP"

That's it, next time I booted up, my wireless interface was hijacked by wpa_supplicant, which keeps track of which of my configured networks are available and ensures that I only connect to one of the ones I have specifically configured in my [http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant.conf wpa_supplicant.conf(5)] file.

[[Category:FreeBSD for Workstations]]

WPA Supplicant

2008-09-06T08:02:29Z

Jcp:

WPA Supplicant

2008-09-06T07:54:52Z

Jcp:

== WPA_Supplicant ==

=== Introduction ===

Most laptops and many desktops use wireless network interfaces as their primary means of staying connected to the internet. The <a href="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant">wpa_supplicant(8)</a> tool which is distributed as a part of FreeBSD's base helps handle all these networks with ease, so that you won't have to lift a finger to connect to whichever one of your wireless networks is available.

* Supports Plaintext Networks
* Supports Static WEP Encrypted Networks
* Supports Pre-Shared Key WPA Encrypted Networks
* Supports EAP-Authenticated WPA Encrypted Networks
* Supports EAP-Authenticated IEEE8021X (optionally Dynamic WEP Encrypted) Networks

=== Documentation ===

==== Man Pages ====

* <a href="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant">wpa_supplicant(8)</a>
* <a href="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant.conf">wpa_supplicant.conf(5)</a>

==== Other ====

* <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wpa_supplicant">Wpa_supplicant on Wikipedia</a>

=== Examples ===

==== Example 1 - Static WEP ====

I have an iwi0 interface which connects to multiple WEP-encrypted networks. Here's how to set it up so that it automatically picks up whichever network is in range.

===== /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf =====

network={
    ssid="homenet"
    key_mgmt=NONE
    wep_tx_keyidx=0
    wep_key0=fedcba98765432109876543210
    }
network={
    ssid="worknet"
    key_mgmt=NONE
    wep_tx_keyidx=0
    wep_key0=98765432109876543210abcdef
    }

===== /etc/rc.conf =====

ifconfig_iwi0="WPA DHCP"

WPA Supplicant

2008-09-06T07:40:57Z

Jcp:

---+++ WPA_Supplicant

Most laptops and many desktops use wireless network interfaces as their primary means of staying connected to the internet. The <a href="http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant">wpa_supplicant(8)</a> feature of FreeBSD helps handle all these networks with ease, so that you won't have to lift a finger to connect to whichever one of your wireless networks is available.

* Supports Plaintext Networks
* Supports Static WEP Encrypted Networks
* Supports Pre-Shared Key WPA Encrypted Networks
* Supports EAP-Authenticated WPA Encrypted Networks
* Supports EAP-Authenticated IEEE8021X (optionally Dynamic WEP Encrypted) Networks

WPA Supplicant

2008-09-06T07:39:28Z

Jcp:

---+++ WPA_Supplicant

Most laptops and many desktops use wireless network interfaces as their primary means of staying connected to the internet. The [[http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wpa_supplicant|wpa_supplicant(8)]] feature of FreeBSD helps handle all these networks with ease, so that you won't have to lift a finger to connect to whichever one of your wireless networks is available.

* Supports Plaintext Networks
* Supports Static WEP Encrypted Networks
* Supports Pre-Shared Key WPA Encrypted Networks
* Supports EAP-Authenticated WPA Encrypted Networks
* Supports EAP-Authenticated IEEE8021X (optionally Dynamic WEP Encrypted) Networks

User:Jcp

2008-09-06T07:23:30Z

Jcp:

<3 FreeBSD

* [[WPA_Supplicant|Going Wireless with WPA Supplicant]]

User:Jcp

2008-09-06T07:19:11Z

Jcp:

<3 FreeBSD

* [[WPA_Supplicant][Going Wireless with WPA Supplicant]]

User:Jcp

2008-09-06T07:17:05Z

Jcp:

<3 FreeBSD